World go to work accused machine market estimation to be 300~400 2000 100 million dollars, among them 100 million dollars of DCS60, embedded 100 million dollars of systematic 60~70, 100 million dollars of FCS20~30, 100 million dollars of IPC70~80, 100 million dollars of PLC70~80, 100 million dollars of numerical control 70~80. And annual grow with the speed of ％ of 10 ％ ~15. 1, system of DCS(distributing center control) the FCS development that although be a foundation with spot bus line,expands a trend is very rapid, will replace traditional DCS finally, but Fcs development has a lot of jobs to want to do, if unite a standard, appearance intelligence is changed etc. The maintenance that additionally the tradition controls a system and transform still need DCS, because this FCS replaces traditional DCS completely,still need a longer course. Current project accuses machine still with process of old system, dispersive object, serial production (be like: Metallurgy, petrifaction, electric power) give priority to, those who use distributed construction of system is dispersive model control system still is developing. Because open the development of structure and compositive technology, make large and dispersive model control system sale increases. DCSl997 year the sale is 4.5 billion dollar. The DCS in machine accusing in labour is a the fastest kind to suffer computer technology to affect the biggest, reaction. DCS basically develops a trend to be: (Because standardize the development of data communication circuitry and communication network,1) develops to integrated direction, all sorts of sheet (much) the labour such as loop adjuster, PLC, industry comparing, NC accuses equipment to make old system, in order to satisfy factory automation requirement, suit open the big tide that turn. (2) Xiang Zhi can change direction to expand the development that waits as a result of function of database system, inference, especially knowledge base system (KBS) and expert system (the application of ES) , if teach oneself be used to control, remote diagnose and search oneself classy, artificial intelligence can be in DCS various implementation. With FF spot bus line similar, it is intelligent equipment of the foundation with microprocessor, like PID of intelligence of O of intelligent I ／ sensor of control, intelligence, change send implement, carry out implement, intelligent person interface and but process designing adjuster appears in succession. (Because consolidate comprises this S to make one big trend,3) industry PC is changed, the operation station that PC regards DCS as or node machine already very general. PC, PLC, PC, S, 19, Pc, Nc is Pc, Dcs is precursory. (4) specializations DCS is suit each application of corresponding domain more, be about to understand this professional craft and applied requirement further, be like nuclear power plant with be being formed stage by stage this S, change DCS of electric drill DGS, glass and cement DCS. 2, the development trend of numerical control device since 80 time, to get used to the development need of FMC, FMS, CAM, CIMS, numerical control device uses large-scale, super large-scale integrated circuit, rose flexible, function and efficiency. (The height that because circuit of large scale integration makes a technology,1)PC changes develops, PC hardware structure is done smallier, the traversal speed of CPU is higher and higher, memory capacity is very large. PC big batch is produced, cost is reduced greatly, dependability rises ceaselessly. The open sex of the PC, the application of Windows, the application of more technical personnel and software are developed, make the software of the PC very rich. PC function already very strong, the software of CAD ／ CAM is much already by small-sized machine, workstation transplants to the PC, three-dimensional graph shows technical data has been built on the PC. Accordingly, the PC already made the important resource that develops CNC system and way. (2) communication servo changes limits of power of communication servo constant to already accomplished 1: 4, speed limits can achieve 1: 1000, comparative basically with dc servo. Communication servo volume is minor, the price is low, reliability is high, application is wider and wider. (The numerical control system of 3) tall function is the requirement that gets used to FMS, CIMS, unmanned factory to development of integrated automation direction, diagnose car of development and robot, automation, automatically dog monitoring system the mutual combination that wait, development controls as compositive as management system, already made the way of system of the numerical control on international. (4) is convenient use improvement man-machine interface, simplify key of use symbol of face plate of process designing, operation, use conversational mode to wait as far as possible, use with convenient user. (5) is flexible change at present with systematization numerical control system all uses module structure, its function covers a range big, from 3 axes the machine tool of two linkage arrives those who amount to 24 axes above is flexible treatment is unit. (6) miniaturization because semiconductor circuit height is compositive change, enclose three-dimensional change and circuit board is inserted three-dimensional change, make NC device farther miniaturization. In the operation of NC device unit uses TFT(filmy transistor) chromatic fluid tastes the monitor, screen that touch a model to replace CRT, the 1 ／ that ply is CRT only 4 wait. (Melt into of 7) high speed realizes high speed treatment, main shaft must high speed is changed, from main shaft electromotor most high speed is 18000Or ／ Min. Above of 120m/min of highest feed speed. (8) is efficient change implementation efficient treatment, shorten blame cutting time and the key that machine cycle are to raise PMC(but controller of process designing machine tool) processor, as processing content complications, the programming language of PMC became an issue, although C language is mixed PASCAL from already practical change, but for language of displacement echelon graph, still need to use frame to charge flow chart (in that way view uses Src) language. (9) high accuracy raises treatment precision, divide 1 differentiate rate high to rotate coder is indispensable. To be in superprecision domain can come true 0. The precision of O01um, must develop the coder of freeboard resolution, o. 0001um is the smallest the NC device of set unit. To although bear is fluctuant,be in in treatment the character of servo also keeps changeless, still need to use control and rash club (Robust) control. In the control of servo, with high speed microprocessor, use be based on contemporary cybernatic before control of make a present of, 2 freedom spend control, study control to wait. Its number controls systematic tracking error not to exceed 2um. (10) mechanical intelligence changes it is a kind of new technology inside NC domain, alleged and mechanical intelligence changes a function, it is to show mechanical oneself can compensate temperature, mechanical bear to wait for the mechanical metabolic function that cause. This detects with respect to need main shaft bear, main shaft and baseplate metabolic sensor and the circuit that processing sensor outputs signal. (11) diagnoses maintenance intelligence to change the main technique that the diagnosis of breakdown and maintenance are NC. The breakdown that is based on AI expert system is diagnosed already existed, now basically is to build the database that is used at diagnosing breakdown. Be linked together NC device with central computer through Internet and Internet receive, make its are had remote diagnostic function. Further progress is to maintain a system beforehand, change the component that will malfunction before breakdown will happen namely the system that come down, it needs to pass PMC of intelligent sensor, high speed and large database to come true. CNC Milling
CNC Machining