Drive axle is one of component with the mainest lorry, the stand or fall of car bridge quality is deciding whether the use of the lorry is safe directly. Current, the drive axle of the lorry basically has technology of two kinds of production: It is to cast car bridge, use foundry technology. This kind of relative cost that produces technology is higher, existence casts blemish, precision poor, become a useful person rate is low reach follow-up machining is more wait for defect. Another kind is to solder car bridge, solder car bridge is the mainest solder place is axle housing assembly and axial head between solder, its solder the stand or fall that quality is deciding car bridge quality directly. Home solders with attrition now give priority to. Serious check solders construction of drive car bridge weighs the carbon in blocking drive axle to use low-alloy steel, be like 30Mn2, weldability can be better. On structure of the drive axle that weigh card general by on head of next axle housing, axle housing, axis and other small wait to be become through soldering. Solder deliver a child produces technological process to be commonly: On, next axle housing dots solder surely → cuts drill through of aperture of lute of boring of → of alignment of → of lute aperture, breach and two plane → air hole and solder of → of the aperture that put oil strengthen a → the circle outside the aperture inside two end reachs car of boring of → of solder rear cover head of axis of end panel → chafes. The sort of drive axle is very much, appearance structure each are not identical, solder deliver a child produces technology also may be different. In actual production, produce technology segment according to needing agile increase and decrease commonly. Graph 1 it is home some blocks drive axle again, quality is 250kg about, length is 2000mm about. Graph 1 among them, of axle housing and axial head soldering is the it is the most important to solder manufacturing technology segment in technology of car bridge production, the discretion of the stand or fall of its quality, precision is deciding the quality of car bridge directly, the use degree of safety of the lorry. Friction welding of head of car bridge axis receives equipment friction welding is to use workpiece end panel the heat that mutual attrition place produces in opposite whirligig, make carry a ministry to achieve thermoplastic condition, next rapid upset, finish a kind of when solder method that press solder. In friction welding heat in the process, the relative rotate speed coming back that combines an aspect as a result of two is spent very tall, below the action that greater axial pressure lies again in the meantime, cause scraggly rapid generation plasticity is out of shape and machinery digs the face that presses each other, bite receive a phenomenon. Be out of shape through plasticity, destroyed the oxidation film that combines an aspect and metallic grain, formed plasticity of attrition of a high speed to be out of shape layer. This metal particle is opposite slippage rate is very high be out of shape layer, turn mechanical result into the calorific layer of heat energy namely, also be the heat source of friction welding. When axial head friction welding receives friction welding of process axis head, hold the axle housing of level off of boring of two end panel and axial head card to reach the designated position first, begin friction welding to receive next, its process can be divided roughly for 6 paces. The first pace, measure before workpiece solder. Good outfit card axis head, axle housing solders end panel is contacted, upset of the relative position that measures workpiece and computation is measured. The 2nd pace, one class chafes. Axle housing is fixed do not make whirligig, advocate electromotor is advanced, head of high speed runner shaft coming back is stood by, end panel of osculatory axle housing, use force right now lesser, the quantity of heat that attrition produces is small, workpiece is calorific little, interface is only linear red heat, be squeezed basically to go out without bate material solder end panel. The 3rd pace, 2 class chafe. Advocate electric machinery is advanced further, increase upset pressure, axial head high speed rotates, much quantity of heat produces between axial head and axle housing, axial head and axle housing solder end panel appears larger area red heat, the bate stuff that has a few red heat is squeezed to go out, can have sealed effect, let solder the mother material that carries flame heat is not oxidized. The 4th pace, maintain 2 class attrition. As the addition of attrition time, axial head and axle housing solder end panel appears larger area red heat, the bate mother capable person that has more red heat is squeezed to go out, sealed action is strengthened, let solder the data that carries flame heat is not oxidized, more clean. The 5th pace, as the addition of attrition time, more material by red hot bate, below attrition pressure action, many axis head and flame of axle housing attrition heat up bate material to be squeezed to go out, make solder the data that carries flame heat is completely clean, be not oxidized. The 6th pace, upset solders. The axial head that high speed rotates jockeys, axial head is stood by quickly to axle housing, bring to bear on the upset power that 120kN controls, make be in exceed thermoplastic axis to head and axle housing end panel achieve the union between atom and solder (see a picture 2) . Graph 2 arrive from the first pace the 6th pace, whole process needs 90s to finish about. Friction welding is received after finishing, need excises the flash all round solder side. At this moment upset electromotor go back, two semicircle cut edge cutting tool to stand by axial head and axle housing to solder end panel; Upset electromotor is started, bring to bear on the pressure that cut a margin, cut flash. solder the bridge uninstalls the car after to carry roller bed to go up, graph 3 it is the car bridge that two axes head has soldered. Graph friction welding of characteristic of 3 friction welding receives head of car bridge axis to basically have the following characteristic: 1. Exterior of welding line of good attrition of quality of attrition welding line is very beautiful. Friction welding receives head of the axis in the process and atom of axle housing metal to embed each other calculate with enlarge, below the action of upset force, form forging organization. Welding line does not have be mingled with, stoma, not solder is appeared and the blemish such as crackle, quality of reason welding line and mechanical function excel mother capable person, and heat treatment does not need after solder. 2.
Welder of attrition of tall double head produces manufacturing metre the most quickly metre can achieve 130 ～ 150s, namely 24 ～ 28JPH, pure weld time can be controlled in 90s less than. 3.
Equipment quality is reliable, safeguard little, come true easily full automatic change 4.
Environmental protection is energy-saving compare with arc solder and photograph of electron beam solder, do not need welding wire, protection gas, do not produce soot and vacuumize, and specific power consumption is low. 5.
Can applicable of a variety of car bridges solder to need to change according to the sort of car bridge only the clamp of axle housing and axial head can come true, convenient and agile. 6.
Cover an area of an area bigger investment is large, suit to produce per year 50 thousand above to solder the project of car bridge. Because attrition solders,have above characteristic, add people to be deepened ceaselessly to its understanding, as the development of type of auto industry blowout, welder of the attrition in the car bridge project that designs recently has the tendency that replaces traditional arc solder and electron beam solder greatly. CNC Milling
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